Wednesday, 12 May 2021

13th century Beaumonts in the Montebourg cartulary

In a piece on 10 March 2021 I said some stuff about this family in the c12, so this follows on.

Naming patterns and some other circumstantial evidence suggests that a Cotentin-connected Beaumont extended family had activities and properties on both sides of the English channel throughout the twelfth century. The Loss of Normandy in 1204 split some families of course and I think this was one such.

A notable event in this family was the gift of property at Néville-sur-mer to make a sub-priory of Montebourg abbey. This is known to have happened, or to have started, in the year 1163.

The principal donor then was "William the monk," whose gifts were confirmed or consented to by his nephew Thomas de Beaumont, as shown in copy charters in the Montebourg cartulary.

Thomas in fact was one of four brothers, the others being called Philip, Juhel, and Godfrey.

Earlier this year I obtained a complete copy of the Montebourg cartulary (MS Lat 10087) from the Gallica website of the Bibliotheque Nationale de France (warm thanks to them). It is a pdf file consisting of about 180 images where each image shows a left and a right page (copying a book, in fact). 

It is of course a manuscript record, not all in the same handwriting, and I must confess I cannot read all of it. Of course, it is nearly all in latin, with words severely abbreviated, a real test to my "O level" latin skills. Pages and individual items - eg transcripts or summaries of the (presumably now lost) original charters - are numbered with reasonable consistency.

Items 422 ff, on page 139 ff, on image 75 ff, are a long series of copy documents stating the original gifts by William the monk, and confirmations by various Beaumonts - Thomas, Philip, Peter, William, and Robert.

(Number 45 on page 27-28 / image 19 is a copy charter of Richard bishop of Coutances, in which the original gift by William the Monk is confirmed, and I think it is from this act that the date of this, 1163, is known)

No 453 on page 144, on Image 78, sets out a charter of a Ric[hard] de Bellomonte, knight ("miles") describing him as lord of Néville [-sur-mer] and dated August 1281.

Nos 462 and 463 on page 147 (image 79) are two charters of a Juhel de Bellomonte, also stated to be a knight ("miles") of which one has a Philip de Bellomonte for a witness, and the other is dated 1269.

At about page 250 (image 133) the system changes, and the continuation of the cartulary appears to be a place-by-place review of where the abbey owned property. Thus on page 278ff (image 146ff) we are again given details of the charters relating to Néville-sur-mer, these to some extent repeating information already given, and making clear that the places in respect of which the Beaumonts were confirming gifts to the abbey included several other settlements in the NE part of the Cotentin such as Cosqueville and Varouville.

No family tree can be attempted but clearly the twelfth century family continued for several generations as shown by these charters. Other evidence exists too, of which I just mention a couple of things;-

In 1247 both a Williermo de Bellomonte and an Icello (given as Juhel) de Bellomonte are named in context of a local enquiry into the value of a whale which had been caught at Quettehou (near Barfleur) (Cartulaire Normand No. 465 p.77). 

A knight called Juhel was lord of Beaumont-Hague in the NW part of the Cotentin in the time of St.Louis (Mem.Soc. Nat. Academ. Cherbourg 1879 p.120)....It means Louis IX whose reign was 1226-1270.

Several Beaumonts - Ricardus, Juhellus, Johanna, Philippus, Guillelmus, Petrus, another Petrus, and Thomas - were remembered by Montebourg abbey with the days on which (but not the years) they died (Historiens de France, Vol. 23, pp. 553-556).

Many writers including the nineteenth century Saint-Pierre-Eglise historian Louis Drouet have noted that this Beaumont family came to an end by about 1330 with an heiress - called Thomasse - who married Raoul de Argouges.

EMB 12 May 2021

Monday, 3 May 2021

The Beaumonts of Devon 1198-1294 (and a bit on Dorsington)

.........Continued

 Richard de Bellomonte, 1198

Again there may be two of the name. In a Devon context, Richard began disputes with his brother Thomas' widow Rose in about 1198.  Rose remarried, to a certain Simon Buzun. In fact, before Thomas, she had been the wife of a Stephen Flameng. The source for these facts is mainly the Curia Regis Rolls, and Pipe Rolls, volumes which I saw years ago in Southampton University Library (my thanks to them!) many of which don't seem to be available online, making it hard to check references.

When Normandy was lost in 1204, families which had been able to operate both sides of the English Channel, had to choose one side or the other, or divide their family. So this may be the Richard de Bellomonte whose former land in Hague (NW part of Cotentin) was regranted by king Philip-Augustus in 1207 (Cartulaire Normand, ed. L. Delisle, no. 161 p.26 and p.292 - printed in Mem. Soc. Antiquaires Normandie, volume 16 (1852). References in the Pipe Rolls to Richard again in a Devon context make me think that this is a man who would have lost any lands that he had south of the channel. 

But since a family called Beaumont continued in the Cotentin long after 1204 I suppose they are different people (though likely to be related to one another).

A Richard de Bellomonte occurs at Fareham (Hampshire) in 1208, mentioned in the Bishop of Winchester's Pipe Roll. I would guess-identify this as Richard Beaumont of Devon and/or of the Cotentin.

There are a number of references to Richard and this Devon family in the early c13 in context of litigation such as dower claims.

Richard would seem to have died by about 1221 leaving a son called Philip and a widow named Alice, who was not Philip's mother.

Philip de Bellomonte, 1220

The son of Richard, and nephew of Thomas.

From Bracton's Note Book 2 pp.160-1 (dated 1222):-

....... manerio de Cuntebiria unde dicit quod de secta ilia fuit Thomas de Bello Monte seisitus avunculus suus [of Philip is meant] ut de feodo et iure tempore Ricardi Regis etc. et de ipso Thoma descendit secta ilia Ricardo fratri suo eo quod Thomas obiit sine herede de se ita quod Roeisia uxor eiusdem Thome tenuit hundredum illud cum secta ilia predicta tota uita sua nomine dotis toto tempore Johannis Regis et descendit ius illius secte eidem Philippo ut filio et heredi suo 

 .... manor of Countisbury [in the hundred of Shirwell] of which he said his uncle Thomas de Beaumont was seised in the time of king Richard [1189-1199], and that from the said Thomas the suit descended to Richard his brother since Thomas had no heirs of his [body] [and that] Rose the wife of the said Thomas held the hundred with the suit all her life all the time of king John [1199-1216] and thus the suit descended to the said Philip as son and heir

In the Curia Regis Rolls there are numerous reports of Philip and other Beaumonts who may be his relatives. Philip litigated with his stepmother, Alice. Bracton’s Notebook no.977 vol.3 p.27) [my very loose translation]:- Philip recovers Shirwell because his father Richard never held it (because Rose had it), and thus Alice's claim to have it in dower should fail.

The names of the family members in the records of the litigation seem to show that this Philip is not the same as the contemporary namesake at Pirton, Oxfordshire. Nevertheless I see them as likely to be related somehow. It seems that the author[s] of Victoria County History (Oxfordshire) (Volume 8 pp.138-178; see the text of footnote 198 there) assumed there was but one Philip, in Oxfordshire and Devon, and I must respectfully disagree.

Philip (of Devon) had a tenant called William de Bellomonte, whose father's name was Joel. Timing seems too long for that to have been the Joel mentioned in the previous piece.

In 1229 Philip appears to have been sent overseas in the royal service. The name appears twice on a list of such men issued at Portsmouth (Patent Rolls 1225-1232 p.311).  This is consistent with there being two of them, Devon and Pirton!

Nothing is known of Philip's marriage etc but the Devon family continued.

Dorsington

A complication exists in that there were people called Beaumont at Dorsington (between Stratford on Avon and Evesham).  One representative of that family in King John's reign was also called Philip, so there were in fact three of them!

They were not all exact contemporaries but I'm reminded how Winnie the Pooh counted Woozles - each time he walked around the tree, he was following one more set of footprints than before! 

14 May 2021. I am removing most of the rest of this Dorsington section from here as I plan to write a piece especially on the Dorsington people.

In terms of chronology, Philip of Dorsington could, I think, be a younger brother either of (a) Thomas and Richard, of Devon, or (b) Thomas of Pyrton (for whom, see my 27 February 2021 contribution).

Back to Devon.

Philip de Bellomonte, 1238

Possibly the same as the previous (Devon) Philip. When asked - in 1238 - to show by what warrant he held the hundred of Shirwell, Philippus de Beumond said quod nullum alium warantum habet nisi ex antiquum tenura et ex questu regi... (Book of Fees p.1369) ... he says he has no warrant except ancient tenure from the conquest of the kingdom. In other words he had no actual charters or title deeds to prove his ownership. 

Meantime some of what he held appears to have transferred from the Okehampton to the Plympton honour.

In 1242 Philip de Bellomonte was one of four local worthies who were mandated to deal, at their own expense, with problems caused by the “king’s enemies” on Lundy island (Cal.Pat.R. Henry 3 vol. 3 p. 292). 

There are further references to Philip down to about the 1260s, when it would appear that he must have died.

At this sort of date E.T. Beaumont's account in "The Beaumonts in History" starts to become useful (from page 61), but treat with care!.

Richard de Beaumont, from the 1270s to 1294

There are several primary references to Richard (assumed to be Philip's son, evidence being somewhat uncertain, except for tenure of Sherwell).

In 1284-1285 Ricardus Beaumund held two fees in Shirwell of Hugh de Courtenay [i.e. of Okehampton] and one fee also in Shirwell of Isabella de Fortibus countess of Aumale [that means, of the Plympton honour] (Feudal Aids 1 p.335)..... a further half fee held by Richard of the Okehampton honour in Brittecote and Smythepath was held from Richard by Hugh le Pigh (Feudal Aids 1 p.337).

The IPM taken on 23 January 22 Edward I (1294) shows that Richard was holding "Schirewill" for three fees viz two fees held of the heir of Hugh de Courtenay (i.e the Okehampton honour) and one from the countess Isabella (i.e. the Plympton honour), and "Esford" for a further fee from Okehampton and likewise "Langcars" for a further fee.. Richard had died on Tuesday the eve of Epiphany .. his heir was his son Philip, aged 22 years (Cal. IPM 3 no.187, p.111). The origins and background of the Plympton fee are not understood but the total of four fees held from Okehampton tallies with the information above.

I leave this account here, as the fourteenth century is not my baby.

Further on

"The Beaumonts" are supposed to have owned the estate of Youlston, near Shirwell, Barnstaple, from the reign of Henry II [earlier I would say] until [sometime when] a Beaumont heiress married a Chichester, ancestor of Francis, the round the world aviator and yachtsman (according to Western Morning News, 25 March 1987). 

The Youlston estate was offered for sale in 1993 for £700,000 when it was said to comprise a manor house and 165 acres of parkland. I got the selling agents to send me the sale particulars at the time. 

But I didn't buy it!

The "Listing Particulars" of this old house on the Historic England website today fall into the trap of saying that the early c12 holder was "Roceline de Beaumont" and that he had his chief dwelling there. That is the old red herring which I covered in my piece about South Tawton on February 1, 2021.

EMB 3 May 2021

Sunday, 2 May 2021

The Beaumonts of Devon 1086-1198

Robert de Bellomonte, 1086

The Devon Beaumont family presumably descended from the Robert who is shown in Domesday Book as a tenant at Shirwell and elsewhere in Devon as a tenant of Baldwin the sheriff, lord of Okehampton. The "Exon" Domesday Book supplies Robert's family name, Bello monte, whilst the Exchequer DB, calling him plain Robert, adds that he had a couple of houses in Barnstaple.

Baldwin the sheriff (of Devon) means Baldwin son of count Gilbert of Brionne. Count Gilbert was killed in some troubles in 1040 and I believe Baldwin was brought up in Flanders. His mother, I believe, was a relation of the Count of Flanders and thus closely related both to William the Conqueror's wife and to the wife of king Harold's brother Tostig Godwinson. 

There is reason for supposing that Baldwin's own wife was a sister of Guy of Burgundy (who had been banished from Normandy), and that through her right - perhaps more strictly through that lady's mother, countess Adelisa, a member of the Norman ducal family, Baldwin controlled the old castle of Hulmus (now called Isle-Marie) in the Cotentin marshes. 

I hasten to say that Baldwin had other interests and lands as well, but there is considerable evidence that his followers into Devon did include men from the Cotentin, these including a man called Rogo son of Nigel, four of whose grandchildren were called Beaumont if the suggested chart in my 10 March 2021 piece is correct.

Keats-Rohan (Domesday People p.374) stated that Robert was from Beaumont-Hague, but I ask that consideration be given to the place called Beaumont which is between Cosqueville and Hacouville in the NE part of the Cotentin (see 10 March article), Robert was perhaps a younger son in the family there who might have had no lands had he stayed at home.

From Robert no family tree as such can be constructed but Thomas de Bellomonte mentioned in 1166, was his successor both in place and in feudal tenure.

Thomas de Bellomonte, 1166

In the returns of 1166 Thomas de Bellomonte is shown holding four knights fees of the then lord of Okehampton (Baldwin's successor, Robert, a son of king Henry) (Red Book of the Exchequer p.252). Thomas's lands included Shirwell. Four knights fees means he was a person of some power and influence locally. 

He is perhaps the Thomas de Beaumont who had three brothers - Philip, Juhel, and Godfrey, who I have mentioned in earlier notes (see 10 March 2021). These were nephews of William "the Monk."

Also this Thomas might well be the one who with his wife Adeliza has been mentioned in another earlier piece (30 January 2021) as witnessing a charter of Oliver de Tracy.  Oliver was involved with the Barnstaple honour, so the fact that Robert de Beaumont (above) had had houses in that town is perhaps significant. Shirwell is much nearer to Barnstaple than it is to Okehampton.

I think we have two contemporary men of the same name. One of these Thomases was at some stage the heir of his uncle William the Monk (see my piece of 10 March 2021) to property in Normandy and also in England but I think that is a different Thomas from the holder at Shirwell. [4 Nov.2021: this is to be revised. They may well be one and the same. There will be a later article]

Thomas de Bellomonte (the Devon one, I guess) attested a charter or agreement done in London at the house of the bishop-elect of Winchester in about 1173 (English Episcopal Acta Vol. 8 no.139). The bishop-elect (Richard of Ilchester) was a man with West Country connections.

Thomas is also mentioned in the Pipe Rolls in the 1170s, in a Devon context.

He may or may not be the Thomas de Bellomonte who was an official in the Cotentin in the time of kings Richard and John (until 1204). I think that is not the Devon man.

I think the Devon Thomas or a successor of the same name lived until 1198 when his heir was his brother, called Richard. In 1198, in a case referenced to Devon, a day was given to Richard de Bellomonte and Rohahisie de Bellomonte in regard to her dower claim (Curia Regis Rolls 7 p.342; in the appendix dealing with the time of Richard I). Later evidence shows that Rose was Thomas' widow and that Richard was his brother. I will come to them in a later piece.

Joel de Bellomonte, 1162

This was the name of one of the brothers of the Cotentin Thomas. It is quite an unusual name. A Joel de Bellomonte was third lay witness to a charter, in favour of St.Nicholas, Exeter, given by Robert son of King Henry with the consent of his wife Matilda de Abrinco [Avranches] in 1162 (Collectanea Topographica et Genealogica, vol.1 (1834), p.382) (Domesday Descendants p.317). Matilda was the heiress of the Okehampton barony. This attestation somewhat implies Joel being the then tenant of the barony, in which case given the date, he looks like being the predecessor of Thomas of 1166. But the evidence of legal proceedings in the 1220s (this is for a subsequent article) leaves this is as very unclear.

Other comments

The account in E.T. Beaumont, The Beaumonts in History (pages 56-61), of Devon Beaumonts at the period I have covered in this article and a bit later, is all wrong! 

Part of the problem is the muddle about South Tawton (see my piece of 1 February 2021 about that).

Unfortunately ETB has been widely copied. To some extent his work was based on that of old Devon historians and antiquaries, and ETB himself should be blamed less than those more recently who have copied him indiscriminately.

EMB 

2 May 2021


Saturday, 20 March 2021

Samuel Peacham's red herring about the ancestry of Nigel Constable of Chester

1622 on. Samuel Peacham, The Compleat Gentleman 

This book was mainly about heraldry, not history. The passage quoted comes where Peacham is talking about a different family entirely, that of Constable of Flamborough, who might be descended from one of the Constables of Chester. It was a passing remark, not something to have ever been taken as a source.

These words introduce the digression -

Here I cannot pafse, (having occafion) but give a little touch of the Antiquity of this family of Conftable

and then a passage containing this -

The said Nigell was sonne of Iuon, Viscount Constantine in Normandy, by Emma, sister to Adam, Earle of Britaine…..

(The words are near-identical in:- 1622 edition (Michigan University); 1627 Edition (Herzog August Bibliothek); 1634 edition, also 1906 Oxford edition; 1661 edition as cited below - different page numbers in different editions. I haven't seen facsimiles of most of the editions).

1673. Sir Peter Leycester, Historical Antiquities (1673) p. 263

This Nigell, if we may believe Pecham in his Compleat Gentleman, pag. 189. was the Son of Ivo (Vice-Comes or Governor of Constantia in Normandy) by Emme Sister to Adam Earl of Bretagne: Sed quaere

I think "If we may believe..." means "this is not credible." It is rather like "with great respect to my learned friend......" "Sed quaere" (But query it) reinforces that.

And that, 350-odd years ago, should have been good enough, really. However:-

1741. Thomas Wotton, English Baronetage
The said Nigell was son of Ivon, Viscount Constantine, in Normandy, by Emma, sister to Adam Earl of Britain ........ 

1807. John T Smith, Antiquities of Westminster p.248, citing Peacham 1661 edn p.227
Nigell was, he says, "son of Ivon, Viscount Constantine, in Normandy, by Emma, sister to Adam Earl of Britain ........ "

1819 on. Ormerod, The History of the County Palatine and City of Chester

1819 edition, vol. 1 p.507 (George Ormerod himself)
This Nigell, if we may believe Pecham in his Compleat Gentleman, pag. 189, was the son of Ivo (vicecomes or governor of Constantia in Normandy) by Emme, sister to Adam earl of Bretagne. Sed quaere.
Directly taken from Leycester.

Second edition, 1882 (ed. Helsby), vol. 1 p.690
This Nigell, if we may believe Pecham in his Compleat Gentleman, pag. 189, was the son of Ivo (vicecomes or governor of Constantia in Normandy) by Emme, sister to [Alan, not] Adam earl of Bretagne. Sed quaere.

There are lengthy speculative footnotes by Helsby on pp.689-690 about some of the various Cotentin Nigels and the various stories about them. Nothing, of course, abut Yvo.
...............................

1836. Burke, History of the Commoners, an edition of 1836 Vol. 1 p.548
Nigell, son of Ivon, Viscount Constantine, in Normandy, by Emma, sister to Adam, Earl of Bretagne...

1847. Lipscombe, History & Antiquities of the County of Buckingham vol. 4 p.529n
Ivo was Governor of Constantia, in Normanby [sic]: he married Eme [sic], sister of Adam Earl of Bretagne......

Quaere, Query
Sir Peter Leycester didn't believe it! George Ormerod let it stand with the the query. Helsby got so far as saying that there was an Alan count of Brittany (there was no such Adam). Everybody else just swallowed it. 

And that should surely be enough!

To quote an excellent historian of Cheshire:- 
It was not until the sixteenth century that unscrupulous heralds linked him [Nigel] up with the vicomtes of the Cotentin whose seat was at Saint-Sauveur near Valognes. This affiliation seems first to appear in print in Henry Peacham’s The Complete Gentleman......
(James Tait, The Foundation Charter of Runcorn (Later Norton) Priory, page 5, in Chetham Society vol. 100 (New Series), 1939).

But now, the internet......

As Peacham would say, Here I cannot pafse, (having occafion), but mention this as a current and perhaps the reddest version of the red herring:-

Yvo Bellomontensis and Emme Bretagne de St. Sauveur .....  the parents of the first Constable of Chester … 

Does this reveal honest confusion with one of the Counts Ivo de Beaumont, of Beaumont-sur-Oise? Or is this is just a case of cutting and pasting by the new genealogists? The problem is, as with "the Oaks" that I have written about before, that red herrings get a life of their own.  I say don't just comment on what was published recently, tying yourself in knots in your attempts to put it right, but if necessary ignore it and get back to basics.
...........................

Lastly I wonder if James Tait fell a little into the trap of concluding that Nigel was not from the Cotentin. I think so, as he had another theory (op. cit pp. 6-7), which should be considered carefully. However the mere fact that Peacham's theory linking Nigel to the Cotentin was corrupt does not prove anything as to what Nigel's background was, or was not. 

My personal approach would be to focus (a) on the man Nigel presumably came to England to serve under, namely Hugh of Avranches, known as Hugh the Wolf ("Lupus,") earl of Chester from about 1070-1101, (b) on other known followers of earl Hugh (cutting through more corrupt genealogy would be needed there, I fear), and (c) on naming patterns - which would involve looking for anyone else who, or whose father, was called Nigel, or people whose "toponymic" (place-related) surnames connect to places of interest in the search. 

There are plenty of Cotentin Nigels to look at, other than the lords of Saint-Sauveur. I would be interested in these and some others -
 
- Nigel son of Humphrey de Haga, mentioned in a charter of vicomte Nigel (Delisle, Preuves, no.31),
- Nigel the father of the Rogo who obtained lands in Devon (Domesday People p.413),
- Nigel, son of Constantine who had lands at Sainteny near Carentan, and who (Nigel that is) went to Apulia (Caen SCRIPTA no. 1666), 
- or even the slightly later Nigel of Stafford (Domesday People p.302).


EMB 20 March 2021

Sunday, 14 March 2021

Account Book 1835-1840

 Box 1-033 in our archive is a notebook (4.5 x 7 inches) used by Walter Beaumont for an account after the death on 25 August 1835 of his brother Revd. Thomas Beaumont ("TB" here) of East Bridgford. A number of the payments made by Walter evidently related to the funeral, monument etc.;  others are for servants' wages. There is also evidence of a certain amount of farming activity!

Walter was one of the three executors but as he was living in the house ("The Hill"), many details naturally fell to him to deal with. The account is titled "Walter Beaumont with the Executors of the late Revd Thomas Beaumont."  It must be his own writing.

The left side of each double page records cash or cheques Walter received from eg sales or reimbursements. The right side shows payments Walter made, either in cash or by his own cheque.

First double page

Walter started the account on 26 August 1835, the day after his brother died, noting that he had paid 2s 6d for writing paper and sealing wax. He had found £3 15s 6d cash in the house. Needing as he obviously did to pay various things, he obtained £100 in cash from Smiths Bank on 29 August and a further £100 a week later. 

(Note: As many readers will know, Smiths the bankers in Nottingham were related to the Beaumonts, being descended from the late TB's great-aunt Jane and her husband Abel Smith)

On 4 September Walter paid “Mrs Revill” the balance of accounts due to her and her wages in full, totalling £37 7s 9d. (“Ffanny Revel” is mentioned in TB's will as “the faithful nurse and attendant of my late dear wife and now in my service,” so I guess she had been providing the same sort of service to him in his old age - he left her a life interest in a cottage, and a legacy). On the same day Walter paid Thomas Goodwin a pound and Hannah Goodwin two pounds, for nursing (They also had been left life interests in a cottage).

(TB's wishes are not easy to make out, as the will itself is supplemented by three codicils all made over the period 1832-1834, in which gifts were made and altered!)

On 8 September Walter paid a certain S. Millington ten shillings, 8s being for “8 days,” and 2s being for callico and buttons.

On 11 September he paid Thomas Forrest two pounds, being for “the six bearers and two mules,” five shillings each. ( This must relate to the funeral. Thomas Forrest was TB's tenant at Car Colston and had witnessed one of the codicils).

The next day Walter paid John Hutchinson's wages to date, five guineas. (Hutchinson was TB's butler).

On 22 and 26 September Walter paid more servants' wages. Mary Sprouage £10-16-0, Mary Bradwell £9-4-8, William Bradwell, 7-10-0, Mary Barnes 12-3–0, Thomas Goodwin, 7-2-3, and Jno Husbands £3. (Goodwin was TB's coachman and Husbands was gardener).

At the bottom of this first double page Walter noted that he had received £203 15s 6d and spent £98 1s 2d (But he did not record the balance in hand. He never did that, but each time he started a new page he would carry the total amount over).


Second double page - 

On 26 September Walter paid two years insurance in the Imperial Fire Office up to Xmas 1835 by Thomas Forrest £9-3-0. (It is is not clear to me as to what was being insured).

On 30 Sep Walter paid "Hutchinsons monthly account" noting the items as 9s to Mary Pepper for washing, £1 10s for "in attendance on Mrs Hulse," 2s for Clock cleaning, 6s 3d for "Postwoman's Quarter" (?), 3s 6d for Joseph Upton's bill, and 4s 6d for having the kitchen and scullery chimneys swept.

("Mrs Hulse" means Jane Hulse, TB's former housekeeper, who had retired by this date, but who was left an annuity of a guinea a week for life (see below)).

On 6 Oct Walter paid James Horsepoole butcher in full £8-13-0. On 8 October he paid James Mann tailor in full £23-12-0, paying that with his own cheque and getting one for the same amount from Smiths Bank the same day.

On 13 October Walter noted that he had paid Thomas Goodwin 7s 6d for "2 days & expenses in conveying the 3 carriages to Nottm." (I am supposing that these vehicles were to be sold.) Earlier in the month Walter had sold a horse to Mr Hassall for £54 10s,  incurring 10s of expense in so doing and giving a pound to someone called Martin as a present.

("Mr Hassall" means John Hassall, a local farmer and beneficiary under the Will, who seems to have been involved in looking after Mrs Hulse.)

On 14 October Walter paid the subscription to the National School, two guineas, and on 15 October he paid ten guineas to a certain Charles ?Sorel(?) "for surveying at Car Colston by order of G.B."

Third double page

On 19 October Walter paid John Husband's wage in full (?to 22 Sept), 7s 6d. He also paid £9 to Mr Hassall as "Mrs Hulse's expenses in the Asylum, 6 weeks." And he paid 7s 6d as three years subscription to the Notts Association for Prosecuting Felons.

On 21 October Walter paid his own cheque to Thos Musson Undertaker in full £47-1-6, and collected a cheque from Smiths Bank for the same amount to refund him.

On 29 October Walter paid Thomas Freeman ten pounds "on account" and also paid Henry Upton 2s 6d  "for shaving T.B."

On 3 Nov He paid John Brown the Poor Rate of 10d in the £ - this came to £3 5s 2 1/2. And on 4 Nov he paid E Mason Overseer of the Highways, the rate of 5d in the £ on £78 5s. This came to £1 12s 7d. And on 7 Nov he paid 3d for "carriage of a packet on Justice business." (This last possibly to do with TB having been a Magistrate).

On 10 Nov. Walter paid Rev Mr Hutchins (the Rector) £5 10s "for opening the Vault," and "the clerk fee" of a pound (TB himself had been the Curate).

At the end of this double page Walter noted that he had received £329 1s 4d and spent £233 10s 111/2d.

Fourth double page

On 12 Nov Walter paid John Hutchinson 17s 6d for 10 days wages from 10-22 Sep last, and 12s to William Bower "for two cows going to his Bull."

On 17 November he paid a number of what must be legacies, in each case being refunded the same day by the bank, here given its formal name "Samuel Smith Esq & Co." (These legacies do not correspond with my notes of the Will and codicils, and I wonder if they were the result of a decision taken by the Executors.) The payments were:

  • £50 each to John Hutchinson and Thos Goodwin
  • £25 to Mary Upton
  • £10 each to Margaret Bradwell, William Bradwell, and Mary Sprouge

On 19 Nov Walter paid Jno(?) Peet  5 guineas "for taking an Inventory of the effects and furnish of a copy of the same, and on 21 Nov he paid Thomas Freeman £6 1s 2d for a half year land tax (6s 2d) and assessed tax £5 15s, a larger amount namely £11 0s 6d being refunded to him by the bank (not understood). On 27 Nov he paid postage 11d and on 3 Dec he paid ?Messrs Lockwood £5 for the quit rent due to Magdalen College at Michaelmas.

(Note: Notts Archives have a valuation by John Peet of personal effects etc., dated 1838)

(Note: Thomas Freeman is mentioned several times. I just guess that perhaps he was an agent for Magdalen College?)

At the end of this double page Walter noted he had received £495 1s 10d and spent £401 12s 6 1/2d

Fifth double page

On Dec 2 Walter paid 3d for the Receipt stamp for John Husband's legacy, and three days later paid the legacy itself, five pounds.

At the year end Walter evidently turned his attention to the agricultural side of TB's affairs. On 31 December he paid £193 1s 3d "by balance of sundry accounts with T. Forrest as audited and allowed by Geo. Beaumont" and he also paid one John Marriott 9s 6d for something I cannot make out.

(Note: George Beaumont here means the Land Surveyor and co-executor, my great-great-grandfather)

Also on Dec 31, 1835 Walter entered up that he had received rents of TB's [Car] Colston, Screveton etc estate up to the 25 August last, totalling £172-0-0. Also that had sold 58 sheep and 2 cows for £93 1s and two pigs for £4 19s. He had also received £10 for something I cannot make out, looking like cartage(?) of Lucern(?) up to 25 August. And he had sold wool for £9 5s and kids for £1 3s 4d. I wonder if he meant lambs rather than kids. These sales will have taken place at different times over the previous months.

Moving into 1836, on 2 January Walter refunded 9s 6d which was the cost of painting of his bookcase which by mistake had been charged in the expenses account by T Freeman.

And on Jan 6 Walter paid £150 in at Sam Smith & Co in Nottingham. He also paid £1 4s 6d to John Staveley ???tion and 11s 8d to B Boothby & Co for three cast iron fire backs.

On 13 January Walter paid a bill of £29 5s from Thos Earnshaw Marble & Stone Mason, which was £7 15s for [the] Monument and £21 10s for "stone laying round the house etc."

(Note: according to the information on the Southwell Churches website, “Booth, Nottingham” was the maker of the Monument in the church, perhaps meaning the top part of it, which was placed after the death of TB's wife in 1830 (see below)) (References in Notts Archives suggest that Thomas Earnshaw, a builder, moved to America in the 1840s) (I am wondering if the fire backs were for some purpose connected with the monument or for closing the vault, the entrance to which was presumably from outside of the church, north side of the chancel).

On 15 Jan Walter paid Thos Freeman's balance in full £6 4s.

At the bottom he noted that he had received £815 4s 8d and spent £787 8s 8 ½

Sixth double page

On Jan 18 1836 Walter paid 2s 6d to Revd Mr Hutchins for certificates of TB's funeral.
Various other payments - on 30 Jan £2 18s to George Skinner, cooper; on Feb 2 £5 8s 6d to John Brown of Bingham; on 3 Feb £3 0s 3d to Rich Richardson blacksmith.

On 16 Feb Walter paid £11 13s 6d to John Challand plumber, and collected this back from Smiths

1836 must have been a leap year, for on 29 February Walter paid William Wright & Wright & Thompson in full as per their bills the large amount of £330 7s. (Note - William Wright an eminent Nottingham surgeon was in partnership with a surgeon / apothecary named Joseph Thompson). Smiths Bank refunded Walter for this the same day.

On March 14 Walter paid John Gilbert bricklayer in full £6 17s (??perhaps for closing the vault back up??) and on 31st he paid 9s 9d for eleven receipt stamps.

Then there is gap timewise until 27 April 1836 when Walter notes that he has received £264 7s 3d from Mr Hassall, the "payment of his promissory note £250" and four years interest £14 7s 3d (I calculate this means the interest rate was only about 1.5 per cent per annum). On the same day Walter paid Mr Hassall £8 8s 11d for timber bought of the Earl of Chesterfield for fences.

At the bottom Walter noted having collected £1,421 12s 5d and spent £1,156 14s1 ½d.


Seventh Double page

On April 29 1836 Walter paid Bentley Wright apothecary £1 7s 6d and on May 4 he paid John Challand for repairs (of something I cannot make out) as per bill, 12s 6d

On 2 May he paid £200 into the bank of Saml Smith Esq & Co.

On 11 May Walter paid T Forrest's bills for various agricultural things - "articles etc used for fencings" -Hardston for staves £2 18s 4d; Smith for line 11s 4d; Doncaster for bricks £5 1s; F Pepper 8 days16s. Total £10 2s 8d.

The same day Walter paid Mr Hutchins half of the years rent of the ?Ship on the ?Lucern in full £1 10s (note - I have not understood this at all, the first word could be Slip and the other word might be simply Lawn.

18 May Walter Paid Jno Gilbert bricklayer for lengthening the fence wall against Kilner Green etc as per bill £2 0s 6d (Note "Kilner Green" seems clear).

21 May Walter paid Thomas Freeman half years land tax 6s 2d and half years assessed ditto £5 15s Total £6 1s 2d.

There are no receipts noted on this double page.

At the bottom Walter noted total outlay of £1,378 8s 5 ½d.

Eighth double page

On June 8 1836 Walter paid Samuel Herod 14 shillings for 550 bricks for the pillars at the iron gates (Note: Notts Archives has the Will of Samuel Herod of East Bridgford, Brick & Tile Maker, 1855)

11 June 1836 Walter entered that he had received £5 of Josh Upton (?) one year's interest on £100 on mortgage due at Lady Day last.

On July 18 he paid Thomas Freeman in full as per bill £3 18s 9d.

On 19 July Paid Mr Hutchins for charge for permitting the second inscription on the monument £2 (see note above; the monument had been placed after the death of TB's wife in 1830; the additional panel below it referring to TB himself is presumably what is meant here).

Oct 20 Paid T Earnshaw builder pd & receipt dated 28 Nov £10 exactly.

Oct 31 Paid Josh Adams for valuation of leasehold estate at Hawksworth one guinea. [This was a tenancy held from the bishop Lincoln]

Nov 10 Walter Paid £54 12s "to Mrs Hulse by the hands of Mr Hassall one years payment as per legacy bequeathed to her by Revd Thos Beaumont" and on the same day he got £54 3s from Smiths bank, to reimburse this, which he had paid by means of his own cheque to John Hassall. But there is a discrepancy in the two amounts. A year's worth of the legacy, which was a guinea a week, would come to £54 12s.

On 28 November Walter paid 8s to Jo: Brown for 2 cows serving.

He concludes this page with totals received £1,480 15s 5d and spent out  £1,451 2s 2 ½d.

Ninth double page

On April 26, 1837 Walter paid (the doctor) Mr William Wright 10s 6d for a visit etc to Mrs Hulse on 31 August 1835.

An entry on Sept 3 1838 reads "Loss by light Gold" 1s 2d. (Note: I have not researched what this means but it is perhaps a tax of some kind to compensate the State for payments that may have been made to it earlier using defaced or impure currency. The notebook does not record who Walter paid this to).

The only further transactions on this page concern the annuity payments to Mrs Hulse. In each case the payment was made to John Hassall, and was refunded by the bank. These payments were

£45 12s on August 21 refunded on Sept 15 1837 (up to 25 Aug).

1838 May 22 38 weeks of payments in full to this day £39 18s, refunded same day.

1839 Febr 19 Paid to Mrs Hulse by the hands of Mr Hassall 39 weekly payments £40 19s, refunded same day.

Oct 15 Paid ditto ditto 34 weeks due this day £35 14s refunded same day.

1840 March 2 Paid ditto ditto 13 weeks in full 13 guineas refunded 22 March [in pencil – this cheque was dated 22 March instead of 2nd by mistake].

(Note. The Nottingham Journal of 17 January 1840 reported the death of Mrs Jane Hulse, at an advanced age, at her brother's house at Carrington, housekeeper to the late Rev TB of Bridgford Hill, to whom she had been a faithful servant....)

The Account ends after the March 1840 payment, which no doubt paid the annuity to Mrs Hulse's death.

The account is not balanced or totalled. There is no evidence of pages torn out after this

(I think Walter Beaumont lived at Bridgford Hill until he himself died in April 1841. His youngest brother Abel had died in Jan. 1838. George and his family moved in during 1841. George being the nephew of TB, Walter, and Abel, son of their brother Richard Beaumont of Birmingham).

..............................

The next couple of pages of the book contain a similar but briefer account in the handwriting of my uncle Richard Melville Beaumont, of transactions with the executors of his late father, my grandfather, in 1952.

Beyond that the rest of the book is unused.

EMB 14 March 2021

Friday, 12 March 2021

Agnes of Beaumont-le-Richard

Beaumont-le-Richard is in the north west part of Calvados, only few kms from the coast, in a commune called Englesqueville-la-Percee. It is marked on Stapleton's map as Bellusmons.

The castle site is a small hill next to a marsh, which indicates a watercourse that may have been navigable for the small vessels of the Viking and Norman period.

from topographic-map.com. The castle site is shown as 63 ft and the
surrounding marsh area about 20 ft, above sea level.

At an early date Aethelwold the chamberlain (of the bishop of Bayeux) is mentioned in connection with Anglicivilla (Englesqueville-la-Percée) (Haskins, Norman Institutions p.63; also Domesday People).

The fee of "Aeloudi Camerarii" was held from and owed military service to the diocese of Bayeux in 1133. The service owed is inconsistently stated in two printed sources as either three or eight knights (Red Book of the Exchequer, ed. Hall vol. 2 p.645; Historiens de France vol. xxiii p.698). I doubt if Aethelwold was still living in 1133. This may be a case where the identity of a former holder is still remembered.

As a working theory (far from proven) Aethelwold may have left co-heiresses one of whom was the ancestress of the lady who is central to this piece. This is the kind of family tree I suggest:-

  • Aethelwold the chamberlain
    • Daughter - took lands in England initially to Robert Latimer
    • Daughter - took lands in Normandy to unknown husband
      • Daughter married Engelram son of Jordan de Say
        • Agnes de Bellomonte m. Richard du Hommet Constable of Normandy
          • William du Hommet Constable of Normandy
          • other sons Richard, Jordan, Thomas, Engelram, Henry, William
Approach to Beaumont-le-Richard from south (Google street scene)

The heiress of Beaumont-le-Richard

However it came about, the heiress of the place was Agnes de Bellomonte, and she was also the heiress of Jordan de Say, of Aunay-sur-Odon. Agnes' husband was Richard du Hommet, Constable of Normandy. They married by about 1150, perhaps as early as c.1135.

It seems reasonable to suggest that the designation "-le-Richard" comes from Agnes' husband, and that one or more of the surviving buildings date from his lifetime.

Sam and Caroline Beaumont at Beaumont-le-Richard in the mid 1990s.

A return of 1172 states that Ricardus de Hummeto owed "servitium corporis sui de honore de Bello Monte" (Red Book ed.Hall vol. 2 p.630; Historiens de France xxiii p.695).

Agnes had inherited other lands which are beyond the scope of this piece but it is worth noting that she had her own seal for executing documents. One such relating to lands not far from Oxford is marked with the legend "agnetis de bellomonte" and is on a document which I understand survives in the National Archives (E 40/6865; Cat. Anc. Deeds, vol. 4, no. 6865). 

Richard "de Humet" issued a charter in 1174 apud Bellummontem [at Beaumont] (Round, Cal. Docs. France no. 552) (d’Anisy, MSAN 8 pp.71-72).

After a career serving Henry II, Richard du Hommet entered Aunay-sur-Odon Abbey in about 1180 and was succeded by William. I suspect Agnes had already died. 

Although Agnes is often said to have been daughter of Jordan de Say, and she was his heiress, I suggest she was daughter of Jordan's eldest son Engelram. I suggest Engelram's wife brought Beaumont-le-Richard to him, for it does not seem to have ever been held by Jordan.  I suggest something like:- 

  • Jordan de Say
    • Gilbert de Say (childless)
    • Engelram de Say (married heiress at Englesquville & Beaumont)
      • Agnes (married Richard du Hommet)

(I am aware that Clay (EYC 7 p.32) thought Agnes to be daughter of Gilbert de Say. Query).


Aerial view of Beaumont-le-Richard (internet)

The Barfleur-Portchester connection

Richard and then his son William du Hommet were in turn the "Constable" of Normandy and ran Portchester castle for the Crown in the time of kings Henry II, Richard, and (till 1204) John.

Barfleur to Portsmouth Harbour (Portchester) was the main route across the channel in that period. William du Hommet was a benefactor to Southwick Priory near Portchester and his wife Lucy was buried there.

There was a family of Hommet tenants called Meisnil, one of whom in the 1190s gave Southwick priory his body and rents at Maisy next to "Bellusmons" with the consent of his lord, William du Hommet who then confirmed that (K. A Hanna, Cartularies of Southwick Priory, III no. 324, no.55).

It remains to be considered whether various Beaumonts who are found at later dates near Portchester and in other charters of Southwick priory had any link, perhaps through the Hommets, to Beaumont-le-Richard, or to the Beaumonts in my previous piece, who hailed from very near Barfleur.

EMB 12 March 2021

  • In respect of the 1172 information given above, the index to Historiens de France vol. xxiii at p.834 identifies the place as Beaumont-Hague, near Cherbourg, which is wrong.

Wednesday, 10 March 2021

The Twelfth Century Beaumonts of the NE part of the Cotentin

Néville-sur-mer (Neevilla - Nigel's town) sits on the north coast of the Cotentin peninsular, east of Cherbourg.

William the monk (this appears to be a name he adopted, not an indication of his profession) in the early 1160s founded a chapel "on his domaine" in the parish of Néville (Drouet p.407). He was the son of Richard de Ansgerville (Angoville-en-Saire?) and his second wife Mabilia, whose father was called Rogo son of Nigel. 

It appears that -

  • William had a sister who had married someone called Beaumont, and that - 
  • his mother must have had an interest at Néville which descended to him.

It also appears that William the monk did not marry, for his heirs were four brothers called Beaumont, referred to as his nephews (nepotes) and vice versa he as their uncle (avunculus). The oldest brother, the senior heir, was called Thomas. This "family tree" is built up from information in Montebourg and Saint-Sauveur charters, first seen in "Domesday Descendants."

  • Nigel
    • Rogo
      • Mabilia m. Richard de Ansgerville (his 2nd wife)
        • William the monk
        • Lady m. Beaumont
          • Thomas de Beaumont & three brothers

Possibly the William de Beaumont who gave a share in the mill of "Aldulvilla" to Montebourg Abbey (in the 1080s? - no later than 1107) was of this family (BNFr MS Lat 10087 no.141) (sometimes "Aldubvilla" - usually identified as Audouville-la-Hubert, but why not Saint-Martin-d'Audouville?).

The chapel William the monk established at Néville-sur-mer was associated with Montebourg Abbey, and various property was given. In several of William's own charters the consent of Thomas de Beaumont and sometimes also his brothers Philip, Juhel, and Godfrey, was recorded.

There is a place called Beaumont near Hacouville not very far away from Néville-sur-mer.

Beaumont, Hacouville, Manche (Google street scene)

The names of the Beaumont brothers here correspond intriguingly to those of people found in England. Those connexions seem mainly to be with Devon (another piece needed about that), but not exclusively so. Surely the William the Monk and Thomas de Beaumont his nephew who sold their interest at Staining, Lancashire, to John Constable of Chester (see my piece dated 27 February 2021) must be the same people as here. 

And Thomas and Philip may well be the two mentioned in my piece dated 30 January 2021. A particular reason for thinking so is that the charter discussed there was a gift to St. Sauveur abbey, to which same abbey William the monk gave his house at Barfleur, that charter being witnessed by all of the Beaumont brothers.

From Stapleton's map

Drouet noted -

  • that Philip de Beaumont (whom he identified as the nephew of William the monk), was still living in 1217, when he permitted Montebourg abbey to allow the chapel to be served by secular priests
  • and that Thomas (identified as the son of the above Philip) gave four acres in 1248 and went on the crusade with "Saint-Louis" (King Louis IX of France)
  • and that in 1281 the lord of Néville was Richard de Beaumont, a knight. Along with Beaumont a la Hague, Fermanville, the Rethoville, Néville appears to have passed with an heiress to a family called Argouges a generation or so later (Drouet p.410, p.420). "Le fief de Beaumont-en-Néville" is mentioned (eg p.411) but it doesn't seem clear if that is a separate place or a family reference.
As and when I can transcribe the Montebourg charters, I think it will become clear whether anything can be added to what is in Drouet's book.

As to Beaumont-Hague. This place is marked "Bellusmons" on Stapleton's map, and the "lieu-dit" Beaumont near Hacouville is not. We are familiar with the name of a landowning family being used to distinguish places with otherwise common names - Stanton Harcourt, Newton Reigny. The name Hague is attached to several places in that high ground NW corner of the Cotentin, and indeed to that area as a whole. I think the name is connected with Scandinavian words meaning enclosure - a common enough concept. I wonder if this is a case where a place is simply being tagged with the surname of the then owner - to avoid confusion with other places called Hague.  Which Stanton, you ask? The Harcourt one. Which bit of Hague? The Beaumont bit. Another example: Theurtheville-Hague and Theurtheville-Bocage. Any views, anyone?

Sources include:-

Keats-Rohan, "Domesday Descendants." This was the starting point.

Cartulaire de Montebourg, BN Fr MS Latin 10087, charter numbers 422ff (I have full copies now but have not yet transcribed them fully). 

Cartulaire de Saint-Sauveur, BN Fr MS Latin 17137, fol. 246r/v.

Memoires de la Societe des Antiquaires de Normandie vol. 22 (1856) p.21.

Louis Drouet, (1893) Recherches Historiques... Saint-Pierre-Eglise. He cited as his sources documents in a "Repertoire" by M. de Gerville, which I think consisted of transcripts of the Montebourg charters. Although Drouet in several places links this Beaumont family with Hague, it would be surprising if he did not know of the place mentioned above, which is surrounded by or adjacent to a number of other places he does mention.

Thomas Stapleton's map "Tabula Normanniae sub Regibus Angliae" (faces title page in Powicke's "Loss of Normandy").

EMB 10 March 2021